Civilization advances by extending the number of important operations
Alfred North Whitehead, 1911 (Williams and Norgate (Home University Library)). Whitehead, a mathematician and philosopher in London, wrote this in his 1911 introductory book on mathematics, in a chapter on why mathematical symbolism matters.
An Introduction to Mathematics
AI and science · AI and philosophy · Before ChatGPT
Who else?
What it refers to: Operations such as reckoning with Arabic numerals or algebraic symbols, which a good notation lets people perform without thinking about them.
Other voices
- “Operations of the mind by which reasoning is performed” George Boole,
- “Mathematical formalisms fail to capture the significant features of intelligent behaviour” N. Stuart Sutherland,
- “Machine mathematics, vast, verified, mostly consumed by AIs” Steve Hsu,
- “If we don't adapt, there's just no more math in 50 years, no one is doing it, not even the machines” Daniel Litt,
- “Machines cannot feel and, just as important, cannot understand” Neil Postman,










