Man is much more than a tool builder
Alan C. Kay, August 1972 (Proceedings of the ACM National Conference, Boston). Alan Kay, researcher at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, set out the Dynabook idea of a portable personal computer in this paper for the ACM conference in Boston, August 1972.
A Personal Computer for Children of All Ages
More from Alan C. Kay · AI and culture · AI and philosophy · Before ChatGPT
Who else?
What it refers to: The cliché of man as the "tool building animal", set against the view that he is an inventor of universes, each serving as a medium of expression.
Other voices
- “Men have become the tools of their tools” Henry David Thoreau,
- “Warrant full pursuit by an enlightened society” Douglas Engelbart,
- “The computer is not a limitless partner” Ted Nelson,
- “Agents make people redefine themselves into lesser beings” Jaron Lanier, Researcher,
- “The computer claims sovereignty over the whole range of human experience” Neil Postman,
- “Our own intelligence that flattens into artificial intelligence” Nicholas Carr,










